| 摘要: |
| 为了利用最少数目的相量测量单元(PMU)保证电力系统在正常运行时和线路N -1故障时都能完全可观，提出一种基于改进自适应遗传算法(IAGA)的PMU优化配置方法。将PMU配置分为两个阶段：第一阶段以PMU安装数目最少和正常运行时系统完全可观为目标配置PMU；第二阶段在已有配置结果的基础上继续安装PMU，以保证线路N-1故障时系统仍完全可观。修改IAGA中交叉概率和变异概率的计算公式，克服了当群体最大适应度值与平均适应度值相等时进化停滞的缺点，优化了进化过程，同时方便了数学计算；对每一代个体进行防早熟操作，消除了由交叉运算和变异运算的偶然性及随机性导致的进化早熟。算例分析结果表明，该方法在PMU配置数目、配置方案种类、收敛性及实用性上有显著优势，证明了该方法的正确性和优越性。 |
| 关键词: 电力系统 相量测量单元(PMU) 遗传算法 防早熟操作 N -1故障 |
| DOI：10.7667/j.issn.1674-3415.2015.02.009 |
| 投稿时间：2014-04-14修订日期：2014-08-15 |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Optimal PMU configuration based on improved adaptive genetic algorithm |
| XU Yan,ZHI Jing |
| (State key Laboratory of Alternate Eeleetrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources
( North China Electric Power University), Baoding 071003, China) |
| Abstract: |
| For the purpose of using the least number of phasor measurement unit (PMU) to ensure the power system complete observability under the normal circumstances and with an N-1 fault of transmission line, an optimal PMU configuration method based on improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA) is put forward. The configuration of PMU is divided into two stages. The first stage takes the minimum number of installed PMUs and the system observability under the normal circumstances as targets to configurate PMU. The second stage continues to install PMU in order to ensure the system observability with an N-1 fault of transmission line. The calculation formulas of crossover probability and mutation probability of IAGA are modified, which overcome the shortcoming of evolutionary stagnation when the largest fitness value and the average fitness value in the group are equal. Besides, it optimizes the evolutionary process and makes the mathematical calculations convenient. The preventing premature operation is employed on each individual to eliminate the premature convergence resulting from the chance and randomness of the crossover and mutation. The results show that this method has significant advantages in the installed PMU number, the diversity of solution, the astringency and the practicability. The correctness and superiority of the method are verified. |
| Key words: power system phasor measurement unit (PMU) genetic algorithm preventing premature operation N-1 fault |
