| 引用本文: | 王 青,林小龙,王相苏,等.基于一致性算法的分布式储能系统协同控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2026,54(08):176-187. |
| WANG Qing,LIN Xiaolong,WANG Xiangsu,et al.Cooperative control strategy for distributed energy storage systems based on consensus algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2026,54(08):176-187 |
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| 摘要: |
| 在交流微电网中，并联运行的储能系统往往面临因储能单元荷电状态(state of charge, SOC)不一致引发的过
充过放风险以及因逆变器参数偏差、线路阻抗差异导致的无功功率分配失衡等问题，劣化微电网稳定性。针对以
上问题，提出了一种基于融合一致性控制算法的虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator, VSG)协同控制策
略。首先，通过将嵌套幂指数的双曲正切均衡系数与输出有功功率参考值动态耦合，实现了输出功率自适应调整
下的不同储能单元的SOC快速均衡。接着，在实现SOC均衡的基础上，设计了无功-电压协同控制策略，通过引
入基于实时无功分配差异的自适应虚拟阻抗提升无功分配精度，同时增加电压补偿环节抑制电压跌落幅度。最后，
仿真和实验结果验证了所提策略的有效性。 |
| 关键词: 分布式储能系统 一致性算法 VSG 控制 SOC 均衡 功率分配 电压补偿 |
| DOI：10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.251122 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:江西省自然科学基金项目（20252BAC240680）；广东省自然科学基金项目（2025A1515011254） |
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| Cooperative control strategy for distributed energy storage systems based on consensus algorithm |
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WANG Qing, LIN Xiaolong, WANG Xiangsu, HU Longlong, WANG Weichun, YAN Wenju
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1. College of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; 2. Shenzhen Research Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Shenzhen 515100, China
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| Abstract: |
| In AC microgrids, energy storage systems operating in parallel frequently suffer from overcharge and over-discharge risks due to inconsistent state of charge (SOC) among energy storage units, as well as reactive power sharing imbalance caused by inverter parameter mismatches and line impedance differences, which degrade the stability of microgrids. To tackle these problems, a coordinated control strategy for virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) based on a fused consensus control algorithm is proposed. First, the hyperbolic tangent equalization coefficient with nested power exponents is dynamically coupled with the output active power reference, achieving rapid SOC equalization of different energy storage units under adaptive adjustment of output power. Then, based on SOC equalization, a coordinated reactive power-voltage control strategy is designed. By introducing adaptive virtual impedance based on real-time reactive power sharing deviations, the accuracy of reactive power sharing is improved, while a voltage compensation loop is added to suppress voltage sag. Finally, simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. |
| Key words: distributed energy storage system consensus algorithm VSG control SOC balancing power sharing voltage compensation |
