| 引用本文: | 潘 欢,宁显华,李 峰,等.光储直流微电网中光伏与储能单元控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2025,53(13):59-70.[点击复制] |
| PAN Huan,NING Xianhua,LI Feng,et al.Research on control strategies of PV and energy storage units in DC microgrids with PV-storage systems[J].Power System Protection and Control,2025,53(13):59-70[点击复制] |
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| 摘要: |
| 在光储孤岛直流微电网中，需要最大化利用光伏发电，通常对光伏系统采用最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking, MPPT)技术。但传统的MPPT控制速度慢、精度低，特别是在局部阴影情形下极易陷入局部最优解。基于此，首先提出一种将布谷鸟搜索算法与电导增量法相结合的混合MPPT控制。利用布谷鸟搜索算法快速全局寻优，再使用电导增量法精确定位，实现快速而准确地跟踪最大功率点。储能单元是光储直流微电网的重要组成部分，其输出电流均分、荷电状态(state of charge, SoC)均衡和直流母线电压稳定是主要控制目标。但电流均分受线路电阻差异的影响，进而影响SoC均衡和直流母线电压稳定，于是设计一种新的电压电流双环控制策略以实现上述目标。该策略在电压外环采用母线电压作为反馈值，在电流内环中设计了基于一致性算法的控制策略，将SoC与指数函数结合并引入加速因子，使得在充放电过程中实现SoC的快速均衡。所提控制策略既不需要下垂控制，也无需二次补偿控制，减轻了通信负担。最后在Matlab/Simulink中搭建直流微电网系统模型，验证所设计新的混合MPPT控制和电压电流双环控制策略的有效性。 |
| 关键词: 直流微电网 最大功率点跟踪控制 电压电流双环控制 电流均分 SoC均衡 |
| DOI：10.19783/j.cnki.pspc.240707 |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-06修订日期：2024-08-09 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目资助(62463026，52167006)；宁夏自然科学基金项目资助(2022AAC05001)；中科院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目资助 |
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| Research on control strategies of PV and energy storage units in DC microgrids with PV-storage systems |
| PAN Huan1,2,NING Xianhua1,LI Feng1,2,WU Jiaxin1,LIU Changjin1 |
| (1. School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
2. Ningxia Key Laboratory of Electrical Energy Security, Yinchuan 750004, China) |
| Abstract: |
| In islanded DC microgrids with photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage systems, it is essential to maximize the utilization of PV generation, typically through maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques. However, traditional MPPT methods are often slow and imprecise, especially prone to failing into local optima under partial shadowing conditions. This paper proposes a hybrid MPPT control that combines the cuckoo search algorithm and the incremental conductance (INC) method. The cuckoo search algorithm is used for fast global optimization, followed by the INC method for accurate localization, enabling both rapid and precise tracking of the maximum power point. Energy storage units are crucial components in PV-storage DC microgrids, with key control objectives including equal output current sharing, state of charge (SoC) balancing, and DC bus voltage stability. However, current sharing is affected by differences in line resistance, which in turn affects the SoC balancing and DC bus voltage stability. Therefore, a novel voltage-current dual-loop control strategy is designed to achieve these objectives. The strategy uses the bus voltage as the feedback in the outer voltage loop and a control strategy based on the consistency algorithm is designed in the inner current loop, which combines the SoC with an exponential function and introduces an acceleration factor, enabling fast SoC balancing during charge/discharge cycles. The proposed control strategy eliminates the need for droop control and secondary compensation control, thus reducing communication burden. Finally, a DC microgrid system model is built in Matlab/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid MPPT and voltage-current dual-loop control strategy. |
| Key words: DC microgrid maximum power point tracking control voltage-current dual-loop control equal current sharing SoC balancing |
