| Abstract: |
| The cost of Energy Storage System (ESS) for frequency regulation is difficult to calculate due to battery’s degradation
when an ESS is in grid-connected operation. To solve this problem, the influence mechanism of actual operating
conditions on the life degradation of Li-ion battery energy storage is analyzed. A control strategy of Li-ion ESS
participating in grid frequency regulation is constructed and a cost accounting model for frequency regulation
considering the effect of battery life degradation is established. The estimated operating life and annual average
cost of the Li-ion ESS under different dead bands and SOC set-points are calculated. The case studies show that the
estimated operating life of the Li-ion ESS under the actual operating condition differs significantly from the nominal
life provided by the manufacturer under the standard condition and the full discharge mode. This paper provides
an accurate costing method for the ESS participating in grid frequency regulation to help the promotion of the ESS
to participate in the ancillary service market. |
| Key words: Energy storage system, Estimated operating life, Cost accounting method, Frequency regulation, Deadband |
| DOI：10.1186/s41601-018-0076-2 |
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