| Citation:Bo Yang,Bingqiang Liu,Hongyu Zhou,et al.A critical survey of technologies of large offshore wind farm integration: summary, advances, and perspectives[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2022,V7(2):233-264[Copy] |
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| A critical survey of technologies of large offshore wind farm integration: summary, advances, and perspectives |
| Bo Yang,Bingqiang Liu,Hongyu Zhou,Jingbo Wang,Wei Yao,Shaocong Wu,Hongchun Shu,Yaxing Ren |
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| Abstract: |
| Offshore wind farms (OWFs) have received widespread attention for their abundant unexploited wind energy poten
tial and convenient locations conditions. They are rapidly developing towards having large capacity and being located
further away from shore. It is thus necessary to explore effective power transmission technologies to connect large
OWFs to onshore grids. At present, three types of power transmission technologies have been proposed for large
OWF integration. They are: high voltage alternating current (HVAC) transmission, high voltage direct current (HVDC)
transmission, and low-frequency alternating current (LFAC) or fractional frequency alternating current transmission.
This work undertakes a comprehensive review of grid connection technologies for large OWF integration. Compared
with previous reviews, a more exhaustive summary is provided to elaborate HVAC, LFAC, and five HVDC topologies,
consisting of line-commutated converter HVDC, voltage source converter HVDC, hybrid-HVDC, diode rectifier-based
HVDC, and all DC transmission systems. The fault ride-through technologies of the grid connection schemes are also
presented in detail to provide research references and guidelines for researchers. In addition, a comprehensive evalu
ation of the seven grid connection technologies for large OWFs is proposed based on eight specific indicators. Finally,
eight conclusions and six perspectives are outlined for future research in integrating large OWFs. |
| Key words: Offshore wind farm, HVAC, HVDC, LFAC, Fault ride-through |
| DOI：10.1186/s41601-022-00239-w |
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| Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China (61963020); National Natural
Science Foundation of China (52022035); Key Program of National Natural
Science Foundation of China (52037003); Major Special Project of Yunnan
Province of China (202002AF080001), Curriculum ideological and political con
notation construction project (2021KS037). |
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